IP 31920 - THE VIETNAM WAR  

Songs of the Vietnam era            Elvis meets Nixon

IP 31920 The Vietnam War

Level 2 Credit Rating: 20 Credits

  Module Coordinator: Professor Martin S. Alexander

Office: Edward Llwyd Building, Room S2a

e-mail: saa@aber.ac.uk

Tel: 01970 622693

UWA internal telephone ext. 2693

AIMS:

The aim of this module is to provide students with the opportunity for an in-depth study of military, political and historiographical issues related to the Vietnam War

OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this module, students should be able to:

·        Discuss the origins of US intervention in Vietnam

·        Comprehend the multi-faceted nature of the Vietnam War

·        Demonstrate knowledge of the military and pacification strategies of the USA/South Vietnam on one side, North Vietnam/Viet Cong on the other

·        Discuss critically the Vietnam War’s main military operations and tactics

·        Analyse the nature and impact of US media coverage of the war

·        Discuss the extent of US anti-war protest and assess its impact on US conduct of the war

·        Critically evaluate the legacies of defeat in Vietnam for post-1975 US foreign and military policy

  TEACHING METHODS

Number of lectures:  1 a week, each of 50 minutes

Number of seminars:  5 x 90 mins (fortnightly)

METHODS OF ASSESSMENT

One x 2,500 word essay worth 40 % of the overall mark

One x 2 hour examination worth 60 % of the overall mark

TIMETABLE

Lecture: Tuesdays, 10 a.m. to 10.50 B46 Edward Llwyd

Seminars: Mondays, 9 a.m. (Group A) Llandinam C63 and 12 noon (Group B) Llandinam 

C64; Tuesday, 3.10 p.m. (Group C) Llandinam C63; Wednesday, 9 a.m. (Group D) 

Llandinam C63 and 12 noon (Group E) Llandinam C63; Thursday 12 noon (Group E) 

Llandinam C63

LECTURE TOPICS

1.                 From Ho Chi Minh to Hell in a Small Place: French defeat in Indochina, 1946-54

2.                 Into the Quagmire: Eisenhower & Diem, Kennedy & Laos

3.                 Westmoreland’s War: Ground Operations, Search & Destroy and the Air Mobile Concept

4.                 Westmoreland’s War:  Hearts and Minds strategies & pacification

5.                 Nixon, Vietnamization and Cambodia: letting “Asian boys fight an Asian war”, 1969-72

6.                 Intelligence and Tet ‘68: BDA, Body Counts and Strategic Surprise

7.                 Air War Vietnam: “Bomb ‘em back to the Stone Age”

8.                 Giap as strategist: the NVA and Viet Cong ways of war

9.                 “Grunts, Gooks and the Hanoi Hilton”: Vietnam War experiences

10.             Hollywood’s Vietnam: movies, myths and legends

11.             The anti-war movement(s), Vietnam syndromes and legacies…

SEMINARS & SEMINAR TOPICS 

Each seminar group meets for a two-hour class, once a fortnight (i.e. in alternate weeks).  Groups A and B will meet in even-numbered weeks (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10); Groups C & D in odd-numbered weeks (3, 5, 7, 9, and 11). 

For seminars a student in each group will be assigned, in advance, to prepare a single-side summary presentation (in “bullet points” format) on each of the topics listed below.  When you are responsible for presenting (i.e. creating a bullet-point sheet), your work must be pre-circulated to the module tutor and all other members of your seminar group not later than 5 p.m. on the day before your class. This is a mandatory requirement. It will be assumed, in class, that everyone has already read, and come armed with questions and comments about, these pre-distributed presentations. The module tutor will ask other members of each group to critique and respond to the presentation sheets in class.  

The bullet-point presentations must be pre-distributed as e-mails or e-mail attachments. Remember to include the tutor, Professor Martin Alexander !  His e-mail address is saa@aber.ac.uk  

Seminar sessions will deal with the topics indicated below:  

Session 1:  

·        The French and the Indochina War: Ho Chi Minh, De Lattre and Dien Bien Phu

·        Bucks, bullets… and bodies ? US assistance to France (1949-54) and to Ngo Dinh Diem, 1955-62

·        The “key to South-East Asia”? JFK and the problem of Laos, 1960-63

·        The Tonkin Gulf and LBJ’s decision to escalate, 1964-65

Session 2:

 

·        Ground War: the Air Cav concept in the Highlands, 1965-7

·        Ground War: search & destroy and “alternate strategies” 

·        Attrition:  Tet 1968 and “The Bloodiest Year”, 1969

·        NVA and Viet Cong methods and tactics: Giap’s way of war

Session 3:

·        Insurgency/counterinsurgency theories: Mao, Thompson et al.

·        Strategic Hamlets and “oil spots”: the failure of SVN counterinsurgency

·        The “Other War”: US approaches to pacification

·        “Inside every South Vietnamese is an American trying to get out”: Lew Walt and the US Marine Corps CAPs strategy

 

Session 4:

·        Operations “Rolling Thunder” and “Linebacker”: bicycles, bridges, bombing halts and coercive air power

·        Intelligence: body counts and bean-counts

·        Intelligence: PHOENIX and covert action programs

·        Under-estimated ally: the ARVN, Vietnamization and the defeat of Giap’s 1972 Easter Offensive

Session 5:

·        Opposition to the war: students, songs, draft-dodging and protests

·        Opposition to the war: shifting press and TV attitudes

·        Vietnam legacies: “remembering” and the veteran in society

·        Vietnam legacies: impacts on US military doctrine and foreign policy

ESSAY QUESTIONS

You must write your essay for assessment on ONE of the questions below:

 

1.                 Why did the French lose their war against Ho Chi Minh, and why did the USA not do more down to May 1954 to prevent that defeat?

 

2.                 What explains John F. Kennedy and his foreign policy team’s fixation on not “losing Laos” in 1961-3, and how credible do their claims that it was the key to control of South-East Asia now seem? 

 

3.                 Is H. R. Macmaster’s charge that military chiefs in Washington were guilty of “dereliction of duty” in letting the USA slide into a large-scale military commitment in Vietnam persuasive? Give reasons why, or why not.

 

4.                 “We had to destroy the village in order to save it.” What operational problems and frustrations led the US army’s conduct in the field sometimes to this illogic by c. 1968-69?

 

5.                 Many US Marine Corps memoirs and histories suggest that the Corps’ pacification strategies represented a “better kind of war”, that could have brought the USA victory in Vietnam. Critically examine these arguments and their plausibility.

 

6.                 “You could not bomb the North back to the Stone Age, because it had hardly left it.” Was US air power never going to bring victory in Vietnam, or was the problem that it was seriously misapplied?

 

 

7.                 “In this war with no front lines on a map, never was Intelligence more essential – but seldom has Intelligence performed so poorly.” Discuss in regard to Vietnam, 1962-69

 

8.                 “The ARVN has been grossly maligned: Vietnamization shows it could have prevented a Communist victory if only its US ally had trusted it, trained and equipped it for the job from 1965, not 1969.” Discuss

 

9.                 “The January 1973 Peace Accords resulted from what happened in the streets and homes of America, not from what happened in the jungles of S-E Asia”. Is this a persuasive judgement on the influence of the anti-war movement and media hostility to the war?

 

10.             “There were several Vietnam Wars, and there have been several Vietnam Syndromes.”  Identify and assess the impact of Vietnam’s legacies for the US armed forces, US war veterans, and US foreign policy.

 

 

Essays should be 2,500 words in length, double-spaced on A4 paper. They must have a proper scholarly apparatus, i.e. footnotes or endnotes for direct quotations and controversial points directly sourced from one of your “authorities”. They must finish with a bibliography that lists authors, titles, and full publication details of articles and books you actually used.

ESSAY DEADLINE:           

THURSDAY 25 MARCH 2004 by 2. 30 p.m.

NB: All essays are to be submitted to Glesni Rees in the Interpol General Office, Edward Llwyd Building                                                   BIBLIOGRAPHY

REFERENCE WORKS AND ATLASES

James S. Olson, Dictionary of the Vietnam War (Greenwood Press, 1998)

Marc J. Gilbert (ed.), The Vietnam War. Teaching Approaches and Resources (Greenwood Press, 1991)

Stanley I. Kutler (ed.), Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War (Simon & Schuster, 1996)

Harry G. Summers., Jr., Historical Atlas of the Vietnam War (Houghton-Mifflin, 1989)

Neil Sheehan, Hedrick Smith, E. W. Kenworthy, Fox Butterfield, The Pentagon Papers. Complete and Unabridged edition as published by the New York Times (Bantam Books, 1971) esp. docs. 16-22, 25-32, pp. 115-131, 140-157; also available in the so-caled Senator Gravel edition

Bernard C. Nalty (Consultant Ed.), The Vietnam War. The History of America’s Conflict in South-East Asia (Salamander, 1996)  

REVIEW ARTICLES TO GET YOU “JUMP STARTED”

Mack T. Owens, ‘Vietnam as Military History: A Review Essay’, Joint Forces Quarterly (Winter 1993-4), pp. 112-18

Lorenzo M. Crowell, ‘Thinking about the Vietnam war’, Journal of Military History vol. 60 (April 1996), pp. 339-357

Robert A. Divine, ‘Vietnam reconsidered’, Diplomatic History 12:1 (1988)

Gary R. Hess, ‘The Unending Debate: Historians and the Vietnam War’, Diplomatic History 18:2 (1994), pp. 239-64

SOME WEB-SITES

These are numerous on the Vietnam War, as you would expect.  But many are highly dubious, unreliable, or set up to promote partial views or “carry the torch” for certain “causes”.  These should carry an “academic health warning” !   

It is essential that you be even more discriminating and critical when checking web-sites than in using books and articles in journals… Anyone with a web-authoring package can set up a web-site.  Web-sites do NOT have to go through the quality filter of pre-publication “peer review” or “academic refereeing” applied to scholarly books and articles in history or political science journals.  So out there in those virtual boonies, “it’s a jungle”: full of booby-traps and ambushes for greenhorn Vietnam students newly arrived “in country”…  

However, there are also some excellent sites. They include the oral and written archive and resources at The Vietnam Center (Director: Dr James Reckner) at Texas Tech University, at Lubbock, TX, which contains the important “Douglas Pike Collection”. This Center’s web-site may be accessed at: http://www.ttu.edu/vietnamcenter/  

There is an enormous bibliography created on-line by Edwin Moise. It is at Clemson University in the United States, accessed at: http://hubcap.clemson.edu/~eemoise/bibliography.html

Also the scholarly debate generated by Fred Logevall’s book Choosing War (Univ. of California Press, 1999), on the H-DIPLO web site, accessible at: http://www2.h-net.msu.edu/~diplo

and: http://www.tappedin.org/info/teachers/vietnam1.htm

http://www.vassun.vassar.edu/~vietnam/

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/vietnam.html

GENERAL HISTORIES AND OVERVIEWS

Gerard J. DeGroot, A Noble Cause ? America and the Vietnam War (Macmillan, 2000)

Larry H. Addington, America’s War in Vietnam. A Short Narrative History (Indiana University Press, 2000)

Kevin Ruane, The Vietnam Wars (Manchester Univ. Press, 2000)

idem, War and Revolution in Vietnam, 1930-1975 (UCL Press, 1985)

Robert J. McMahon (ed.), Major Problems in the History of the Vietnam War: Documents and Essays (Heath & Co., 1995)

William Appleman Williams, Thomas McCormick, Lloyd Gardner and Walter LaFeber (eds.), America in Vietnam. A Documentary History (W. W. Norton, 1989)

Harry G. Summers, Jr., On Strategy. The Vietnam War in Retrospect (Presidio Press, 1982)

Robert D. Schulzinger, A Time for War. The United States and Vietnam, 1945-75 (Oxford Univ. Press, 1997)

Peter Lowe (ed.), The Vietnam War (Macmillan, 1998)

Spencer C. Tucker, Vietnam (UCL Press, 1998)

Walter Capps, The Vietnam Reader (Routledge, 1991)

Dennis E. Showalter & John G. Albert (eds.), An American Dilemma. Vietnam, 1964-1973 (Chicago: Imprint Publications, 1993)

George C. Herring, America’s Longest War: The United States and Vietnam, 1950-75 (Magraw Hill, 3rd edn. 1996)

Bernard C. Nalty (Ed.), The Vietnam War. The History of America’s Conflict in South-East Asia (Salamander Books, 1996)

Michael Maclear, Vietnam: The Ten Thousand Day War (Thames-Methuen, 1981)

Edgar O’Ballance, The Wars in Vietnam, 1954-73 (Ian Allen, 1975)

Marilyn B. Young, The Vietnam Wars, 1945-1990 (Harper-Collins, 1991)

William H. Chafe, Unfinished Journey. America since World War Two (Oxford UP, 3rd edn. 1995), chs. 7-14

Guenter Lewy, America in Vietnam (Oxford UP, 1978)

Stanley Karnow, Vietnam: A History (Pimlico, 1991)

Robert Buzzanco, Vietnam and the Transformation of American Life (Blackwell, 1999)

P. Kattenburg, Vietnam: Trauma in Foreign Policy, 1945-75 (Transaction Books, 1980)

George D. Moss, Vietnam: An American Ordeal (Prentice-Hall, 2nd edn., 1994)

Phillip B. Davidson, Vietnam at War: The History, 1946-75 (Sidgwick pbk, 1993)

Ralph B. Smith, An International History of the Vietnam War

          I: Revolution versus Containment, 1955-61 (Macmillan, 1983)

          II: The Struggle for South-East Asia, 1961-65 (Macmillan, 1987)

          III: The Making of a Limited War, 1965-66 (Macmillan, 1991)

William C. Gibbons, The US Government and the Vietnam War Part I and Pt. II (Princeton UP, 1986)

Neil L. Jameson, Understanding Vietnam (U of California Press, 1993)

Gabriel Kolko, Vietnam: Anatomy of a War, 1940-75 (Pantheon Books, 1985; reissued by The New Press, 1994)

Robert L. Gallucci, Neither Peace nor Honor: The politics of American military policy in Vietnam (Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1975)

Leslie H. Gelb with Richard K. Betts, The Irony of Vietnam: The System Worled (Brookings Institution, 1979)

ORIGINS – FRANCE’S WAR IN INDOCHINA 1946-54

Maurice Larkin, France since the Popular Front. Government and People, 1936-86 (Oxford UP, 1987), pp. 232-7

Raymond F. Betts, France and Decolonization, 1900-62 (Macmillan, 1991)

Anthony Short, The Origins of the Vietnam War (Longman: 1989)

Martin Shipway, The Road to War. France and Vietnam, 1944-47 Berghahn Books, 1996)

Marianna P. Sullivan, France’s Vietnam Policy. A Study in French-American Relations (Praeger, 1978)

Nicola Cooper, France in Indochina. Colonial Encounters (Berg, 2001)

Anthony Clayton, The Wars of French Decolonization (Longman-Pearson, 1994)

Douglas Porch, ‘Calamity on the R.C. 4’, Military History Quarterly vol. 3:4 (1991), pp. 80-99

Robert F. Randle, Geneva 1954: The Settlement of the Indochinese War (Princeton University Press, 1969)

Philippe Devilliers and Jean Lacouture, End of a War: Indochina, 1954 (Praeger, 1969)

Lucien Bodard, The Quicksand War: Prelude to Vietnam (Faber & Faber, 1967)

Peter M. Dunn, The First Vietnam War (Christopher Hurst, 1985)

Bernard Fall, Hell in a Very Small Place. The Siege of Dien-Bien-Phu (J.B. Lippincott, 1967)

Howard R. Simpson, Dien-Bien-Phu: The Epic Battle America Forgot (Brassey’s, 1994; pbk. 196)

Alexander Zervoudakis, ‘Nihil mirare, Nihil comptere, Omnia intelligere. Franco-Vietnamese intelligence in Indochina, 1950-54’, in Intelligence & National Security 13/1 (Spring 1998), pp. 198-222

Joint Secretariat of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: Historical Division, The History of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: The War in Vietnam. History of the Indochina Incident, 1940-1954 vol. I (Michael Glazier Inc., 1981), pp. 481-98

Gary R. Hess, Vietnam and the United States. Origins and legacy of War (Revised edn., Twayne Publishing/Prentice Hall, 1998), chs. 2-3

REVOLUTIONARY WAR AND NORTH VIETNAMESE PERSPECTIVES  

John Shy and Thomas Collier, ‘Revolutionary War’, in Peter Paret (ed.), Makers of Modern Strategy. From Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age (Princeton UP, 1986), ch. 27, pp. 815-62

Samuel B. Griffith (ed.), Mao Tse-Tung on Guerrilla Warfare (Univ. of Illinois Press pbk. Den. 2000)

Ian F. W. Beckett, Modern Isurgencies and Counter-insurgencies. Guerrilla warfare since 1750 (Routledge, 2001)

George K. Tanham, Communist Revolutionary Warfare: The Vietminh in Indochina (Methuen, 1962)

Douglas Pike, Viet Cong. The Organisation and Techniques of the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam (MIT Press, 1966)

idem, PAVN

Paul B. Rich and Richard Stubbs, The Counter-insurgent state. Guerrilla Warfare and State-Building in the 20th Century (Macmillan, 1997)

Donald W. Hamilton, The Art of Insurgency: American military policy and the failure of strategy in South-east Asia (Praeger, 1998)

Robert B. Asprey, War in the Shadows. The Classic History of Guerrilla Warfare from Ancient Persia to the present (Little, Brown & Co., 1994)

Frances Fitzgerald, Fire in the Lake. The Vietnamese and the Americans in Vietnam (Little, Brown & Co., 1972)

Michael Lee Lanning and Dan Cragg, Inside the VC and NVA. The Real Story of North Vietnam’s Armed Forces (Random House, 1992)

Karen Gottschang Turner (Phan Thanh Hao), Even the Women Must Fight. Memories of War from North Vietnam (John Wiley, 1998)

D. Chanoff and Doan Van Toai, Vietnam: A Portrait of its People at War

J. W. Trullinger, A Village at War. An Account of Conflict in Vietnam

Joseph Buttinger, The Smaller Dragon. A Political History of Vietnam (Praeger, 1968)

William I. Duiker, The Communist Road to Power in Vietnam (Westview Press, 1981), chs. 10-11

idem, US Containment Policy and the Conflict in Indochina (Stanford UP, 1994)

Neil L. Jamieson, Understanding Vietnam (Univ. of California Press, 1995)

INTO THE QUAGMIRE: THE US SLIDE INTO VIETNAM

Gary R. Hess, Vietnam and the United States. Origins and Legacies (Revised edn., Twayne/Prentice hall, 1998), chs. 1, 4, 5

David L. Anderson, Trapped by Success: The Eisenhower Administration and Vietnam, 1953-1961 (Columbia Univ. Press, 1991)

James R. Arnold, The First Domino: Eisenhower, the Military and America’s Intervention in Vietnam (William Morrow, 1991)

Peter S. Usowski, Intelligence Estimates and US Policy towards Laos, 1960-63’, Intelligence & National Security 6:2 (1991), pp. 367-94

Peter T. White and W. E. Garrett, ‘Report on Laos’, National Geographic vol. 120:2 (Aug. 1961), pp. 241-75

Norman B. Hannah, The Key to Failure: Laos and the Vietnam War (Madison, 1987)

Timothy N. Castle, At War in the Shadow of Vietnam. US Military Aid to the Royal Lao Government, 1955-1975 (Columbia Univ. Press, 1993)

Stanley G. Langland, ‘The Laos factor in the Vietnam Equation’, International Affairs 45:4 (Oct. 1969)

Roger Warner, Backfire: The CIA’s Secret War in Laos and its link to the War in Vietnam (Simon & Schuster, 1995)

Joseph G. Morgan, The Vietnam Lobby. The American Friends of Vietnam, 1955-1975 (Univ. of N. Carolina Press, 1997)

David L. Anderson (ed.), Shadow on the White House. Presidents and the Vietnam War, 1945-1975 (University Press of Kansas, 1993)

Andrew J. Rotter, The Path to Vietnam. The Origins of American Commitment to South-East Asia (Cornell Univ. Press, 1987)

Lawrence Freedman, Kennedy’s Wars. Berlin, Cuba, Laos and Vietnam (Oxford University Press, 2000), Pt. V: chs. 31-41

David E. Kaiser, American Tragedy. Kennedy, Johnson and the Origins of the Vietnam War (Belknap Press, 2000)

Brian Van de Mark, Into the Quagmire: Lyndon Johnson and the Escalation of the Vietnam War (Oxford Univ. Press, 1991; reissued in pb. 1995)

H. R. McMaster, Dereliction of Duty. Lyndon Johnson, Robert McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Lies that Led to Vietnam (Harper Collins, 1997)

David M. Barrett, Uncertain Warriors: Lyndon Johnson and his Vietnam Advisors (University Press of Kansas, 1995)

Diane B. Kunz (ed.), The Diplomacy of the Crucial Decade: American Foreign Relations during the 1960s (Columbia Univ. Press, 1994)

Warren I Cohen and Nancy B. Tucker, Lyndon Johnson confronts the World: American Foreign Policy, 1963-1968 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1994), chs. 3-5

James A. Bill, George Ball: Behind the Scenes in US Foreign Policy (Yale Univ. Press, 1997), pp. 150-175

Fredrik Logevall, Choosing War. The Lost Chance for Peace and the Escalation of ar in Vietnam (Univ. of California Press, 1999)

Robert Mann, The Grand Delusion. America’s Descent into Vietnam (Basic Books, 2001)

US PRESIDENTS, WASHINGTON POLITICS & THE WAR

Lyndon Baines Johnson, The Vantage Point: Perspectives of the Presidency, 1963-69 (Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1971; UK edn. By Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1973)

Robert Dallek, Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times (Oxford Univ. Press, 1997)

Michael R. Beschloss (ed.), Taking Charge. The Johnson White House Tapes, 1963-64 ( Simon & Schuster, 1997)

Paul K. Conkin, Big Daddy From the Pedernales. Lyndon Baines Johnson (Twayne, 1986)

Larry Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War. The Road to Stalemate in Vietnam (W. W. Norton, 1989)

David Halberstam, The Best and the Brightest (Random House, 1976)

Michael H. Hunt, Lyndon Johnson’s War. America’s Cold War Crusade in Vietnam, 1945-1968 (Hill and Wang, 1996)

Richard M. Nixon, No More Vietnams (Arbor House, 1985)

idem, RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon (Grosset & Dunlop, 1978)

idem, The Real War (Sidgwick and Jackson, 1980)

idem, In The Arena (Simon & Schuster, 1990)

Stephen E. Ambrose, Nixon. Vol. 2: Triumph, 1962-1972 (Simon & Schuster, 1990)

Melvin Small, Johnson, Nixon and the Doves (Rutgers Univ. Press, 1989)

Terry Dietz, Republicans and Vietnam, 1961-6 (Greenwood Press, 1986)

Jeffrey Kimball, Nixon’s Vietnam War (Univ. Press of Kansas, 1998)

 

 

DIPLOMACY AND DIPLOMATIC MEMOIRS

Dean Acheson, Present At The Creation: Memoirs (W. W. Norton, 1969)

Anne E. Blair, Lodge in Vietnam. A Patriot Abroad (Yale UP, 1995)

Frederick W. Nolting, From Trust to Tragedy: The Political Memoirs of Frederick Nolting, Kennedy’s Ambassador to Diem’s Vietnam (Praeger, 1988)

Douglas Pike (ed.), The Bunker Papers: Reports to the President from Vietnam, 1967-1973 (Univ. of California Institute of East Asian Studies, 1990)

Bui Diem (South Vietnam’s ambassador to the USA), with David Chanoff, In the Jaws of History (Houghton Mifflin, 1987)

Dean Rusk, As I Saw It (W. W. Norton, 1991)

Thomas J. Schoenbaum, Waging Peace and War. Dean Rusk in the Truman, Kennedy and Johnson Years (Simon & Schuster, 1988), chs. 8-16

George Ball, The Past Has Another Pattern. Memoirs (W.W. Norton, 1982)

James A. Bill, George Ball. Behind the Scenes in US Foreign Policy (Yale UP, 1997)

Warren I. Cohen and Nancy L. Tucker (eds.), Lyndon Johnson confronts the World. American Foreign Policy 1963-1968 (Cambridge UP, 1994)

J. William Fulbright (with Seth P. Tillman), The Price of Empire (Pantheon, 1989)

Randall Bennett Woods, J. William Fulbright, Vietnam and the Search for a Cold War Foreign Policy (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1998)

idem,  Fulbright: A Biography (1995)

Roger Hilsman, To Move a Nation. The Politics of Foreign Policy in the Administration of John F. Kennedy (Doubleday, 1967)

Henry Kissinger, White House Years (Little, Brown & Co., 1979), chs. 8, 12, 23, 25, 27, 31-34

idem, Diplomacy (Simon & Schuster, 1994)

Walter Isaacson, Kissinger: A Biography (Simon & Schuster, 1992)

Roger Morris, Uncertain Greatness: Henry Kissinger and American Foreign Policy (Quartet Books, 1979)

Deborah Shapley, Power and Promise: The Life and Times of Robert S. McNamara (Little, Brown & Co., 1993)

Robert S. McNamara with Brian Van De Mark, In Retrospect: The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam (Times Books, 1995)

Robert S. McNamara with James Blight and Robert K. Brigham, Argument without End. In Search of Answers to the Vietnam Tragedy (Perseus Books, 1999)

McGeorge Bundy, Living with the Bomb: The First Fifty Years (1995)

Clark M. Clifford (with Richard Holbrooke), Counsel to the President. A Memoir (Random House, 1991), chs. 23-32, pp. 337-614

Paul H. Nitze, From Hiroshima to Glasnost. At the Center of Decision. A Memoir (Grove Weidenfeld, 1992), ch. 15: “The Vietnam Imbroglio”, pp. 255-82

Xiaoming Zhang, ‘The Vietnam War, 1964-1969: A Chinese Perspective’, Journal of Military History 60:4 (Oct. 1996)

Chen Jian, ‘China’s involvement of in the Vietnam War, 1964-1969’ China Quarterly no. 141 (June 1995)

John W. Garver, ‘The Chinese Threat during the Vietnam War’, Parameters: The Journal of the US Army War College 22:1 (Spring 1992)

Robert Garson, ‘Lyndon Johnson and the China Enigma’, Journal of Contemporary History 31:1 (Jan. 1997)

Rosemary Foot, The Practice of Power: US Relations with China since 1949 (Clarendon Press, 1995)

Qiang Zhai, China and the Vietnam Wars, 1950-1975 (Univ. of N. Carolina Press, 2000)

 

 

 

THE GROUND WAR IN VIETNAM:  US DOCTRINE, SEARCH & DESTROY AND AIR MOBILITY

 

Andrew F. Krepinevich, Jr.,The Army and Vietnam (Johns Hopkins UP, 1986) chs. 4-10, pp. 100-275

idem, ‘Recovery from Defeat: The US Army and Vietnam’, in George J. Andreopoulos and Harold E. Selesky (eds.), The Aftermath of Defeat: Societis, Armed Forces and the Challenge of Recovery (Yale Univ. Press, 1994), ch. 7, pp. 124-42

Peter M. Dunn, ‘The American Army: The Vietnam War, 1965-1973’, in Ian F. W. Beckett (ed.), Armed Forces and Modern Counterinsurgency (Croom Helm, 1985), ch. 3, pp. 77-100

Col. Charles F. Brower, ‘Strategic Reassessment in Vietnam: The Westmoreland “Alternate Strategy” of 1967-68’, in Naval War College Review XLIV:2 sequence 334 (Spring 1991), pp. 20-51

Robert H. Scales, Jr., Firepower in Limited War (Presidio, 1994), chs. 1-3, pp. 3-154

Joel D. Meyerson, ‘War Plans and Politics: Origins of the American Base of Supply in Vietnam’, in John A. Lynn (ed.), Feeding Mars. Logistics in Western Warfare from the Middle Ages to the Present (Westview, 1993), ch. 12, pp. 271-287

Jospeh M. Heiser, Logistic Support (US dept. of the Army Center of Military History Vietnam Studies, pub. 90-15, 1974, reissued 1991)

Russell F. Weigley, History of the United States Army (Indiana Univ. Press, revised edn., 1984), chs. 22-23

idem, The American Way of War. A History of United States Military Strategy and Policy (Indiana Univ. Press, 1973 & 1977), pp. 441-479

Shelby L. Stanton, The Rise and Fall of an American Army. US Ground Forces in Vietnam, 1965-1973 (Presidio, 1988; repr. 1995)

Cecil B. Currey, Self-Destruction: The Disintegration and Decay of the US Army in the Vietnam Era (1981)

James R. Ebert, A Life in A Year: The American Infantryman in Vietnam, 1965-1972 (Presidio, 1993)

Mark W. Woodruff, Unheralded Victory. Who Won the Vietnam War ? (Harper Collins, 1999), Pt. II “The Defeat of the North Vietnamese Army, 1965-73”

Douglas Kinnard, The War Managers. American Generals Reflect on Vietnam (Da Capo, 1991)

Dave R. Palmer, Summons of the Trumpet. A History of the Vietnam War from a Military Man’s Viewpoint (Presidio, 1978; and Ballantine pbk, 1984 and 1990)

Gen. Bruce Palmer, Jr., The 25 Year War. America’s Military Role in Vietnam (Univ. Press of Kentucky, 1984)

Eric M. Bergerud, Red Thunder, Tropic Lightning: The World of a Combat Division in Vietnam (Westview, 1993)

Harold G. Moore & Joseph Galloway, We Were Soldiers Once and Young… Ia Drang, the Battle that Changed the War in Vietnam (Random House, 1992)

Lt. Gen.. John J. Tolson, Vietnam Studies: Air Mobility, 1961-1971 (Dept. of the Army: US Army Center of Military History, 1973)

Kenneth D. Mertel, Year of the Horse. 1st Air Cavalry in the Highlands, 1965-67 (Schiffer, 1997)

Paul D. Walker, Jungle Dragoon. The Memoir of an Armored Cav Platoon Leader in Vietnam (Presidio, 1999)

Gen. Don A. Starry, Mounted Combat in Vietnam (Dept. of the Army Center of Military History, 1978)

James F. Humphries, Through the Valley. Vietnam, 1967-68  (Lynne Reiner, 1999)

Michael D. Mahler, Ringed in Steel: Armored Cavalry, Vietnam, 1967-68 (Presidio, 1986; reissued 1998)

Otto J. Lehrack, No Shining Armor. The Marines at War in Vietnam. An Oral History (Univ. Press of Kansas, 1992), Pt. 2 “Fighting the NVA: war against Professionals, 1966-68”

Ronald H. Spector, After Tet. The Bloodiest Year in Vietnam (Free Press, 1993)

Samuel Zaffiri, Hamburger Hill. May 11-20, 1969 (Arms & Armour Press, 1988)

Keith W. Nolan, Death Valley. The Summer Offensive, I Corps, August 1969 (Presidio, 1987)

Gerald H. Turley, The Easter Offensive. The Last American Advisors, 1972 (Presidio, 1985)

Dale Andradé, Trial by Fire. The 1972 Easter Offensive. Ameerica’s Last Vietnam Battle (Hippocrene Books, 1995)

Lt. Col. James H. Willbanks, Thiet Giap! The Battle of An Loc, April 1972 (Ft. Leavenworth, KS: Combat Studies Institute, 1993)

Col. Francis J. Kelly, Vietnam Studies: US Army Special Forces, 1961-1971 (Dept. of the Army: US Army Center of Military History, 1985)

 

 

 

PACIFICATION: WINNING HEARTS & MINDS ?

Sir Robert Thompson, Defeating Communist Insurgency. Malaya and Vietnam (Oxford UP, 1966)

idem, Make for the Hills. Memoirs of Far Eastern Wars (Leo Cooper, 1989), pp. 122-189

John J. McCuen, The Art of Counter-Revolutionary War (Faber & Faber, 1966)

Douglas S. Blaufarb, The Counterinsurgency Era: US Doctrine and Performance, 1950 to the Present (Free Press, 1977)

Richard A. Hunt, Pacification. The American Struggle for Vietnam’s Hearts and Minds (Westview Press, 1995)

Ian F. W. Beckett, ‘Robert Thompson and the British Advisory Mission to South Vietnam, 1961-65’, Small Wars and Insurgencies 8:3 (Winter 1997), pp. 41-63

Larry E. Cable, Conflict of Myths. The Development of American Counterinsurgency Doctrine and the Vietnam War (New York Univ. Press, 1986)

idem, Unholy Grail: The United States and the Wars in Vietnam, 1965-68 (Routledge, 1992)

Jeffrey Race, War Comes to Long An. Revolutionary Conflict in a Vietnam Province (Da Capo, 1977)

Eric M. Bergerud, The Dynamics of Defeat. The Vietnam War in Hau Nghia Province (Westview, 1991)

Francis J. West, Jr., The Village (Harper & Row, 1972; reissued by Univ. of Wisconsin Press, 1985)

James W. Trullinger, Village at War. An account of conflict in Vietnam  (Longman, 1980; reissued by Stanford Univ. Press 1994)

Michael A. Hennessy, Strategy in Vietnam: The Marines and Revolutionary Warfare in I Corps, 1965-72 (Praeger, 1997)

Gen. Victor Krulak, First to Fight. An Inside View of the US Marine Corps (US Naval Institute Press, 1984)

Al Hemingway, Our War Was Different: Marine Combined Action Platoons in Vietnam (US Naval Institute Press, 1994)

Otto Lehrack, No Shining Armor. The Marines at War in Vietnam (Univ. Press of Kansas, 1992), Pt. 1 “Fighting the Viet-cong: war against Guerrillas, 1965-66”

Michael E. Peterson, The Combined Action Platoons: The US Marines Other War in Vietnam (Praeger, 1989)

Mark W. Woodruff, Unheralded Victory: Who Won the Vietnam War ? (Harper Collins, 1999), Pt. I: “The Defeat of the Viet Cong, 1961-71”

Philip Towle, Pilots and Rebels: The Use of Aircraft in Unconventional warfare, 1918-1988 (Brassey’s, 1989)

Paul. F. Cecil,  Herbicidal Warfare: The RANCH HAND project in Vietnam (Praeger, 1986)

Mark Moyar, Phoenix and the Birds of Prey: The CIA’s Secret Campaign to Destroy the Viet Cong (US Naval Institute Press, 1997)

Stuart A. Herrington, Stalking the Viet Cong: Inside Operation ‘Phoenix’. A Personal Account (Presidio, 1982; reissued in pb., 1997)

  

MEMOIRS AND BIOGRAPHIES OF SENIOR  COMMANDERS

William C. Westmoreland, A Soldier Reports (Doubleday, 1972; reissued as a Dell pb., 1980))

Samuel Zaffiri, Westmoreland. A Biography of General William C. Westmoreland (William Morrow, 1996)

Lewis Sorley, Thunderbolt: From the Battle of the Bulge to Vietnam and Beyond: General Creighton W. Abrams and the Army of His Times (Simon & Schuster, 1992; reissued by Brassey’s, 1998)

idem, Honorable Warrior. General Harold K. Johnson and the Ethics of Command (Univ. Press of Kansas, 1998)

Adm. Ulysses S. Grant Sharp, Strategy for Defeat. Vietnam in Retrospect (Presidio, 1978)

Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor, Swords and Plowshares. A Memoir (W. W. Norton, 1972: reissued by Da Capo, 1997)

idem, The Uncertain Trumpet (1961)

INTELLIGENCE IN VIETNAM

Sam Adams, War of Numbers. An Intelligence Memoir (Steerforth Press, 1994)

Harold P. Ford, CIA and Vietnam Policymakers: Three Episodes, 1962-1968 (Langley, VA: CIA Center for the Study of Intelligence, 1998)

Chester Cooper, The Lost Crusade. America in Vietnam (Dodd, Mead & Co., 1970)

Lt. Gen. Phillip Davidson, Secrets of the Vietnam War (Presidio Press, 1990)

Maj.-Gen. Joseph A. McChristian, The Role of Military Intelligence, 1965-67 (Washington DC, Dept. of the US Army Center of Military History, 1974)

William E. Colby (with Peter Forbath), Honorable Men. My Lief in the CIA (Simon & Schuster, 1978), chs. 5-9

idem (with James McCargar), Lost Victory. A First-hand Account of America’s Sixteen Year Involvement in Vietnam (Chicago, 1989)

Thomas Powers, The Man who Kept the Secrets: Richard Helms and the CIA (Alfred A. Knopf, 1979), chs. 10-11

James J. Wirtz, TheTet Offensive: Intelligence Failure in War (Cornell University Press, 1991)

idem, ‘”Intelligence to Please” ?  The Order-of-Battle controversy during the Vietnam War’, Political Science Quarterly Summer 1991

John Prados, ‘The Warning That Left Something to Chance: Intelligence at Tet’; and Larry E. Cable, ‘Don’t Bother Me with the Facts: I’ve Made Up My Mind’,: The Tet Offensive in the Context of US Policy and Strategy’, both in Marc Jason Gilbert and William Head (eds.), The tet Offensive (Praeger, 1996), chs. 9-10, pp. 143-65 and 167-80.

Ronnie E. Ford, Tet 1968: Understanding the Surprise (Frank Cass, 1995)

idem, ‘Intelligence and the Significance of Khe Sanh’, Intelligence & National Security 10:1 (Jan. 1995), pp. 144-169

Thomas L. Cubbage, ‘Westmoreland vs. CBS: Was Intelligence corrupted by policy demands?’, Intelligence & National Security 3:3 (July 1988)

Christopher M. Andrew, For the President’s Eyes Only. Secret Intelligence and the American Presidency from Washington to Bush (Harper Collins, 1995), chs. 7-9

Kenneth Conboy (with James Morrison), Shadow War. The CIA’s Secret War in Laos (Paladin, 1995)

Frank Snepp, Decent Interval. An Insider Account of Saigon’s Indecent End told by the CIA’s Chief Strategy Analyst in Vietnam (Vintage Books, 1977)

  

THE 1968 TET OFFENSIVE

James R. Arnold, Tet Offensive 1968. Turning Point in Vietnam (Osprey, 1990)

Ronnie E. Ford, Tet 1968. Understanding the Surprise (Frank Cass, 1995)

Marc J. Gilbert and William Head (eds.), The Tet Offensive (Praeger, 1996)

Ang Chen Guan, ‘Khe Sanh – From the perspective of the North Vietnamese Communists’, War in History 8:1 (Jan. 2001), pp. 87-98

 THE AIR CAMPAIGNS

A.L. Gropman, ‘The Air War in Vietnam, 1961-1973’, in R. A. Mason (ed.), War in the Third Dimension. Essays in Contemporary Air Power (Brassey’s, 1986)

Melden E. Smith, ‘The Strategic Bombing Debate: The Second World War and Vietnam’, Journal of Contemporary History12 (1977), pp. 175-191

Kenneth P. Werrell, ‘Did USAF Technology Fail in Vietnam ? Three Case Studies’, Airpower Journal 12 (1) Spring 1998

Mark Clodfelter, The Limits of Air Power. The American Bombing of North Vietnam (Free Press, 1989)

Earl H. Tilford Jr., Set Up. What the Air Force did in Vietnam, and Why (Air Univ. Press, 1991)

idem, Crosswinds: The Air Force’s Set-Up in Vietnam (Texas A&M Univ. Press, 1993)

Drew Middleton (intro.), Air War Vietnam (Arms & Armour Press, 1978)

Raphael Littauer and Norman Uphoff (eds.), The Air War in Indochina (Beacon Press, 1972)

John T. Smith, Rolling Thunder. The Strategic Bombing Campaign, North Vietnam, 1965-68 (Air Research Publications, 1994)

Ibid., The Linebacker Raids. The Bombing of North Vietnam, 1972 (Arms & Armour Press, 1998)

Mark Jacobsen, ‘President Johnson and the Decision to Curtail “Rolling Thunder”’, in M. J. Gilbert and W. Head (eds.), The Tet Offensive (Praeger, 1996), ch. 13, pp. 215-229

Robert A. Pape, Bombing to Win: Air Power and Coercion in War (Cornell Univ. Press, 1996)

Marshall L. Michel III, Clashes. Air Combat over North Vietnam, 1965-1972 (Airlife Publishing, 1997)

Herman L. Gilster, The Air War in South-East Asia. Case Studies of Selected Campaigns  (Air Univ. Press, 1993)

John B. Nichols and Barrett Tillman, On Yankee Station. The Naval Air War over Vietnam (US Naval Institute Press, 1987)

Peter B. Mersky and Norman Polmar, The Naval Air War in Vietnam (2nd edn., Nautical & Aviation Publishing Co., 1986)

Marshall Harrison, A Lonely Kind of War. Forward Air Controller Vietnam (Presidio, 1989)

John P. Flanagan, Vietnam Above the Treetops. A Forward Air Controller Reports (Praeger, 1992)

Donald J. Mrozek, Air Power and the Ground War in Vietnam. Ideas and Actions (Air Univ. Press, 1988)

J. D. Coleman, Choppers. The Heroic Birth of Helicopter Warfare (St Martin’s Press, 1988) – first published under title, Pleiku

NVA AND VIET CONG STRATEGY AND FIGHTING METHODS

William I. Duiker, Ho Chi Minh. A Life (Hyperion Books, 2000)

Robert K. Brigham, Guerrilla Diplomacy. The NLF’s foreign relations and the Vietnam War (Cornell U.P., 1999)

Michael Lee Lanning and Dan Cragg, Inside the VC and NVA. The Real Story of North Vietnam’s Armed Forces (Ivy Books, 1992)

David Chanoff and Doan Van Toai, Vietnam: A Portrait of Its People At War (I. B. Tauris, 1996) – first published by Tauris under the title: Protrait of the Enemy (1987)

Peter MacDonald, Giap, the Victor in Vietnam (Fourth Estate, 1993)

Robert O’Neill, General Giap: Politician and Strategist (Cassell of Australia, 1969)

John Colvin, Volcano under Snow: Vo Nguyen Giap (Quartet Books, 1996)

Cecil Currey, Victory at any Cost. The genius of Vietnam’s General Vo Nguyen Giap (Aurum Press, 1997)

Vo Nguyen Giap, People’s War, People’s Army (Hanoi: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1966, reissued 1974)

idem, Big Victory, Great Task. North Vietnam’s Minister of Defense Assesses the Course of the War (Praeger, 1968, Intro. By David Schoenbrun)

Bui Tin, Following Ho Chi Minh. Memoirs of a North Vietnamese Colonel (Christopher Hurst & Co., 1995)

Bao Ninh, The Sorrow of War (Minerva, 1994)– a North Vietnamese novel of the war by a veteran of the NVA 27th Youth Bde. Formed in 1969

CAMBODIA

William Shawcross, Sideshow. Nixon, Kissinger and the Destruction of Cambodia (André Deutsch, 1979)

David P. Chandler, A History of Cambodia (Westview Press, 2nd updated edn., 1996)

idem, The Tragedy of Cambodian History. Politics, War and Revolution since 1945  (Yale Univ. Press, 1991)

Milton Osbourne, Sihanouk: Prince of Light, Prince of Darkness (George Allen & Unwin, 1996)

Ben Kiernan, The Pol Pot Regime: Race, Power and Genocide in Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge, 1957-79  (Yale Univ. Press, 1996)

Arnold R. Isaacs, Without Honor. Defeat in Vietnam and Cambodia (Johns Hopkins UP, 1983) chs. 7-8

ATROCITIES

Michael Bilton and Kevin Sim, Four Hours in My Lai  (Penguin, 1993)

David L. Anderson, Facing My Lai. Moving Beyond the Massacre (Univ. Press of Kansas, 1998)

Body Count. Lieutenant Calley’s Story as told to John Sack (Hutchinson, 1970)

ANTI-WAR MOVEMENTS, PROTESTS AND PEACEMAKING

 Arnold R. Isaacs, Without Honor. Defeat in Vietnam and Cambodia, Chs. 1,2,3

Charles DeBenedetti, An American Ordeal. The Anti-War Movement of the Vietnam Era (Syracuse Univ. Press, 1992)

Robert Buzzanco, Masters of War. Military Dissent and Politics in the Vietnam Era (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1996)

Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones, Peace Now! American Society and the Ending of the Vietnam War (Yale Univ. Press, 1999)

idem, Changing Differences. Women and the Shaping of American Foreign Policy, 1917-1994 (Rutgers Univ. Press, 1995)

Amy Swerdlow, Women Strike for Peace: Traditional Motherhood and Radical Politics in the 1960s (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1993)

David L. Schalk, War and the Ivory Tower: Algeria and Vietnam (Oxford Univ. Press, 1991)

Kenneth J. Heineman, Campus Wars: The Peace Movement at American State Universities in the Vietnam Era (New York Univ. Press, 1993)

Jeffrey Walsh, The Vietnam Anti-war Movement: An International Perspective  (J. Wiley, 1994)

Norman Mailer, The Armies of the Night: History as a Novel, the Novel as History (Signet Books, 1968)

Tom Hayden, Reunion: A Memoir (Random House, 1988)

William J. McGill, The Year of the Monkey: Revolt on Campus, 1968-69 (Magraw-Hill, 1982)

Gerard J. De Groot, ‘The Limits of Moral Protest and Participatory democracy: The Vietnam Day Committee’, Pacific Historical Review 64:1 (1995)

idem, ‘Ronald Reagan and Student Unrest in California, 1966-1970’, Pacific Historical Review 65:1 (1996), pp. 107-29

James Miller, Democracy is in the Streets: From Port Huron to the Siege of Chicago (Harvard Univ. Press, 1987; reissued 1994)

William G. Mayer, The Changing American Mind: How and Why American Public Opinion Changed between 1960 and 1988 (Univ. of Michigan Press, 1992)

Tom Wells, The War Within: America’s Battle over Vietnam (Univ. of California Press, 1994)

Melvin Small, Covering Dissent: The Media and the Anti-Vietnam War Movement (Rutgers Univ. Press, 1994)

George Q. Flynn, The Draft, 1940-1973 (Univ. Press of Kansas, 1993)

Sherry Gershon Gottlieb (ed.), Hell, No, We Won’t Go! Resisting the Draft during the Vietnam War (Viking Books, 1991)

Christian G. Appy, Working-Class War: American Combat Soldiers and Vietnam (Univ. of North Carolina Press, 1993)

Robert W. Mullen, Blacks and Vietnam (University Press of America, 1981)

James E. Westheider, Fighting on Two Fronts: Africa-Americans and the ietnam War (New York Univ. Press, 1997)

Bernard C. Nalty, Strength for the Fight. A History of Black Americans in the Military (Free Press, 1986)

 

THE MEDIA AND THE WAR

 

Daniel Hallin, The “Uncensored War”: The Media and Vietnam (Oxford Univ. Press, 1986)

Kathleen J. Turner, Lyndon Johnson’s Dual War. Vietnam and the Press (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1985)

Melvin Small, Covering Dissent: The Media and the Anti-Vietnam War Movement (Rutgers Univ. Press, 1994)

John E. Mueller, War, Presidents and Public Opinion (John Wiley & Sons, 1973)

Michael Charlton and Anthony Moncrieff, Many Reasons Why. The United States Involvement in the Vietnam War (Scolar Press, 1978), chs. 4-9, pp. 59-210

William M. Hammond, The US Army in Vietnam: Public Affairs, The Military and the Media, 1962-68 (Washington, DC, US Army Center of Military History, 1988)

idem, The Military and the Media, 1968-1973 (Washington, DC: US Army Center of Military History, 1991)

Sandy Gall, Don’t worry about the money now (Hamish Hamilton, 1983), chs. 7,8, 10, 14

William Prochnau, Once Upon a Distant War: Young War Correspondents and the Early Vietnam Battles (Times Books, 1995)

Neal Sheehan, A Bright Shining Lie

Walter Cronkite, A Reporter’s Life (Alfred A. Knopf, 1996), pp. 240-66

Peter Arnett, Live from the Battlefield. From Vietnam to Baghdad, 35 Years in the World’s War Zones (Simon & Schuster, 1994), pp. 72-307

Harrison E. Salisbury, Behind the Lines: Hanoi (Harper & Row, 1967)

Michael Herr, Dispatches (Alfred A. Knopf, 1977; Picador, 1978)

James Reston, Deadline (Simon & Schuster, 1995)

Bernard Fall, Vietnam Witness, 1953-1966 (Praeger, 1966)

idem, Last Reflections on a War (Doubleday, 1967)

Jonathan Schell, The Real War: The Classic Reporting on the Vietnam War (Pantheon Books, 1987)

Peter Braestrup, Big Story. How the Newspapers reported the Tet Offensive of 1968 (Yale University Press, 1966)

 

 

POSTWAR VIETNAM

 

T. Louise Brown, War and Aftermath in Vietnam (Routledge, 1991)

D. R. Sardesai, Vietnam. The Struggle for National Identity (Westview Press, 1992)

Steven Hurst, The Carter Administration and Vietnam (Macmillan, 1996)

Gabriel Kolko, Vietnam: Anatomy of a Peace

Carlyle A. Thayer, Beyond Indochina (IISS Adelphi Paper No. 297, pubd. by Oxford Univ. Press, 1995)

James W. Morely and Masashi Nishihara (eds.), Vietnam Joins the World (M. E. Sharpe, 1996)

 

LEGACIES : VETERANS, MEMORY AND VIETNAM SYNDROME

 

Geoff Simons, The Vietnam Syndrome. Its Impact on US Foreign Policy (Macmillan, 1997)

Arnold R. Isaacs, Vietnam Shadows. The War, its Ghosts and Its legacy (Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1997)

Leslie H. Gelb with Richard Betts, The Irony of Vietnam: The System Worked (Brookings Institution, 1979), ch. 13 “The Lessons of Vietnam”, pp. 347-69

Gary R. Hess, Vietnam and the United States. Origins and Legacy of War (Revised edn., Twayne Publishers/Prentice Hall, 1998) ch. 7 and Epilogue

William Head & Lawrence E. Grinter (eds.), Looking back on the Vietnam War. A 1990s Perspective on the Decisions, Combat and Legacies (Praeger, 1993)

Lawrence E. Grinter and Peter M. Dunn, The American War in Vietnam: Lessons, Legacies and Implications for Future Conflicts (Greenwood Press, 1987)

D. Michael Chafer, ‘The Vietnam Combat Experience: The Human Legacy’, in D. M. Chafer (ed.), The Legacy: The Vietnam War in the American Imagination (Beacon Press, 1990)

Robert Buzzanco, Vietnam and the Transformation of American Life (Blackwell, 1999)

Marilyn B. Young, The Vietnam Wars, 1945-1991 (Harper-Perennial, 1991)

William H. Chafe, The Unfinished Journey. America since World War Two  (Oxford Univ. Press, 3rd. edn., 1995), chs. 7-14

Susan Jacoby, ‘Women and the War’, in A. D. Horne (ed.), The Wounded Generation: America after Vietnam (G. P. Putnam, 1981)

Mary Ellison, ‘Black Music and Vietnam’, in Jeffrey Walsh and James Aulich (eds.), Vietnam Images: War and Representation (Lumiere Macmillan, 1988)

James W. Gibson, ‘Para-military culture’, in ibid.

John Hellmann, American Myth and the Legacy of Vietnam (Columbia Univ. Press, 1986)

Timothy Lomperis and John Clark Pratt, Reading the Wind: The Literature of the Vietnam War (Duke Univ. Press, 1987)

Philip D. Beidler, American Literature and the Experience of Vietnam (Univ. of Georgia Press, 1982)

Charles E. Neu (ed.), After Vietnam. Legacies of a Lost War (Johns Hopkins UP, 2000)

Gilbert Adair, Hollywood’s Vietnam. From ‘The Green Berets’ to ‘Full Metal Jacket’ (Heinemann, 1989)

Albert Auster and Leonard Quaert, How the War was Remembered: Hollywood and Vietnam (Praeger, 1988)

Alf Louvre and Jeffrey Walsh, Tell Me Lies About Vietnam. Cultural Battles for the Meaning of the War (Open University Press, 1988)

Michael Paris, ‘The American Film Industry and Vietnam’, in History Today vol. 37 (April, 1987)

B. G. Burkett and Glenna Whitley, Stolen Valor. How the Vietnam Generation was Robbed of its Heroes and its History (Verity Press, 1998)

 MSA, 2004

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